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Curry County Rivers Farnell�■ � s � t �s � t�� s. � James E. Famell, PhoDm Research Analyst II� DIVISION OF STATE LANDS Salem, Oregon Oct�ber, I.981 COOS C - - • • . . .. . . CURR C0. .. . � �1.�• - . �rnr;� ••` �REE„� �•, /�,r � \ �1: , � � .� �� ` . ,r'�� •DENMAkK � �?-� O FZ E G O N l ' � F/oros .. y I � Loke Edspn . . CA n c,� h 4 Butte � . ��g �� 2786' oI� � S R � � 4'' " o! �o 31XE5 �p .� '� � p AlVER j ,--� s � � � �. ,. G�: . `, � gl f�'_ �s• . r �--- 1 � �._.� ' B�rklow I ZT t� °.. �Mounlo�n �------' 1. �RD 1 x (3579 � � , a_ � f � �� s� � 1 � I H6TCHEFY � I �� ,-� R1�ER 1' ;� � �, "� f � ��—�_� iU i � � . --1 '� ��} r ----- � ��. �_ � . ° ° °� � �P G %u R� �� Q m e� e � � o`' � ` �• BASIN f e e � B�UNDARY / � ��` �� . ��f��.:' m� �°u °Z GOLC BEAC I •4°..• a . . • °•. J o a � O �° ��JE�is � P� �o E B�Q ' CroggiesM . �+(�-' �ER R� Zg P� F� 20 c FK. 5 -� 1 p � � �� r G� Mrler 8ar h� � ql � . LCEB . STAT�Q Mf. Q. PARk �Emily 2926' FERRY J �CREEX \ �G� BR004CIN ""�. ARBOR F� � L DIVISION OF STATE LANDS, 10/�I ' �6 n� � ,,, i� Pearsoll, Peak �5098� � � s � � �� f � � ` f $ � Chetco � svPeok 'fbbl7 \ � �. � � '� , t � �� FIG. I � ,. � � � - p CURRY CO UREGON •�r'�` . . . __.--------..,._. _ _. ._--- . r )Et. 4�:c C0. �;A.IfGRNIA'___'__""_' '_ ItdTRODUCTIOT_d Under the Equal Footing clause of the Oregon Admissions Act, the United States Government transferr�d ownership of the beds of a11 navigable waterways to the State of Oreg�n in 1859. At the time of this report, the full extent of Oregon°s ocanership is unknown. The present development trends along our water- ways make it ap that the location of the State/private boundaries is of extreme importance. The 1973 Legislature recognized this and passed ORS 274.029° 034. This law directs the Division of State Lands to make a study of all Oregon`s waterways and to make public their findings. This report concarns the rivers of Curry County except for the Rogue and Illinoi� •ahich have been treated in a separate report. The researcher wishes to thank 1�Srs. Patricia i�iller, Curator of the Chetco Valley Historical Museum for her help in locating sources and the following institutions: Curry County Courthouse DeI iVorte Triplicate Humboldt State University Library, Arcata, California Oregon State Library Oregon Water Resources Department Lester Mi11er of Ferry Ranch was reluctant to give any information to the researcher because he is opposed to any State claim to the bed of the Chetco River, but he agreed to review the c�raft copy of this repart. Fi1lSICd CHAR�ICTF.F2ISTICS The ri�ers treated in t�is study drain from the ��astai and Siskiyou Ranges iiirect:ly into thc I'aci[ic (I'ig. 1). 'Their lenyths in miles, drainage areas in square miles, and annual yields in acre feet are as follows: yields Riv�r Length Area Average Niaximum Minimum Chetco 58 35° 1,230,0�0 1,5?O,dQO 740,000 Sixes 31 129 440,000 630,000 240,000 Elk 30 94 330,000 470,000 180,000 Pistol 22 106 360,000 510,000 210,000 Hunter Creek 20 45 140,000 200,000 78,000 On1y the Chetco has had published streamflow data which covers the ten year up to 1979. In that period averaye discharge has been 65,500 cubic feet per second at the gauging station which is at River TMYile 10.7. Maximum discharqe during the flood of Decembe'r 1964 (outside the period of record) was 85,400 cubic feet per second; minimum ciischarge was 45 cubic feet per second in October 1974 (and se� Fig, 2), As the accompanying slope profiles ir.dicate, the EIk and Sixes Rivers have relativElt� low to moderate gradients and the c3radien� af the Chetco is low in the seventeen miles above its mouth {Fig. 2). �ther streams like Pistol Riv�r ofter� have very steep gradients. All the ra.vers' beds are camposed af deep and long 7ravel degosits (Figs. 4-6). The basir. had an early period of settlement during t'rse mining boom af the 1850's, but thereafter was only sparsely settled. Logging is �he principal econamie activ- ity and has increased fram the 1930°s to the present. Recently recreation has }.�e�ome an important secondary base of the econom��, particularly ir. the IIrookings regi�n, while marginal agriculture is the secandary occupation in the val.leys of ttae county's northern rivers.`� 2 4 �r.� �. CN��°C0 �ili� 3, � � U Z W 2 , c� � B _ U � � W � �� Q � W � Q � / � � � �.. � � T Z t�.! C� � Q 2 CJ � � lcJ U Q � � w > Q .�- . - • - - �,2c cn � U Z W S � � G _ U � � � �� Q � W , d t !� ItL� � � U Z W � 8Q � Q _ U Cn � W a 40t � w > Q 0 _ -::>:.: ::: ;: .: .;.,....:. ,;:> .:.:. .: : .: . .:.;;: .;.,:::: .- , �O�N�D�J�F�M�A M J J A �S' 'Y� o 'v � n ��. � � � ' . � �.... a O � � � 2 FIGURE 3 v iv v u r roi H m u v r-+ � '7+ 0 � � � v I V V V 1 IYI P'1 1II1 V 'U t9 d �Y� � � � � V �tl v V \g � �v� p1 IYI U V /"1 �J 'Yi o � � � NA�IG��TO� Elk Ri��r In on� of the earliest gener�3 accounts of th� county written in 1883, A. G. Walling wrots that its w,ate��ours�s '"�re swif� �nc3 tizrb�a3env, and wi�h o�e or t�o exceptioras have no �.ong sr�oth reaches �it for even boat na�rig�tion.' Jn th� oth��° hanr� he n�ted on Elk Cr�ek which was n�ar the �ounty�s �irst se�tlem�rat Port Orford, that ,7os�ph Nay had a s�tamill built �u�irag ��ae year of pu�li�atiQn that cut 10,00fl fee� of white cedar daily. "�he mill is sour miles inlar�d, an� th� logs are raf�t�d to it by the current of Elk creeka It operated urtil �.he mid 1$90°sm Zn 19i3 Se Pm P�e�ce of Port Orfor� �ook ot�t a licens� for a se�-ne� on E1k Ri��r and A. H. Guerin of I�anglo�s obtain�d on� f�r a dri�t-�aet on Floras Cre�ko Commercial �ishing of Eik River - cahethe� abo�e tid� is not c'lear - must have existsd from that tam� fo�rard, becaus� Elk R�..ve� was closed to co�nerci�l � ras�ing hy iegisiaLion iz� 1y:�5a � �he�� ha5 ��centl� been a mode�ate �ase of �1}c R3.ve� b� coaunsr�a.al guicl�s �ietwe�n th� deadline at th� �tate Fish Hatch��r {14Ni 1�) �own to �tha Iiighway 101 bridg� (Figa 5b)o Terrgy 0'Conno�s has �perated an this reach during the past ten y�a�s and states �hat g�aides will oft�n work th� Elk when conditions are less good on the Che�co. At �hose tim�s as many as 15 to 20 grziaes will take passengers down the Elk. Cl�etco Rive�' Wal�.irag described the m�uth of the Chetco as followso "Chetco has a summer harbor, bu�. the isolation anc� s�all extent of the surrounding product�.ve region, adder� �o its neara��ss to Cr�sc�nt City pre�rent it from attaan�.ng present impor�ance.' .La�ter he elabo�a�ted on its limitecl developmsnt: The Chetco river or cr�e;c is cr�ss�d by two ferries -�Iiller's, ne�rest rne mouin, ana ,�mitn`s two miles above. At the lat�er the st��am i� about 120 ya�ds wide and �.s for��bZ� i� srammer.,o,The port of Chetco hardly deserves the n�n� of harbor, being only a landzng where the steamer Hume and scho�n�� Ester Cobos occasionally call, ta br�.ng merchandis� and carry away wool, hid�s and daix°� products..o. There are r�o mills, eith�r for l�imber �r flou� making in �he�co, but ,the wh�at is haule� to Smith's river, sa.x mil�s b�yond the sta�te line, Sv and there ground into flour. Lumber is a•lso purchased in Del Norte cuunt�, There are tTao s�r�all fisheries an Chetco creek bu� �he catch is transferred ta DeI �Ia=te county for canning and sr.ipment. A natice in the De1 l�orte Record five year� later shows that the eco�omy of Chetco ha� not altered much: "The schooner Chetca sailed from here with 97,t700 feet of 1um2�er for Chet�o where she �ail1 pick t�� 192 barr�ls of salmon and then sail for Sar� Francisco." �y th�t time ther� must ha�re been a small sawmi.l? at the harbor, probably oi the whip-saw var�ety, because i� �ras wash�d out in the great flood of 1£390: Thomas Van Pe1�, for a num�ber �f years resident at Che�co, Oregon and owr�er of Chetco Fishery, came tc Cre�cznt City� to see �f_ he could buv a sr•�a11 sa�ms.11 as e�aerything c�f that description at Chetcc� was swep � ac�a�y hy vrinte� high wat�r o The Cr�etco valley �aas vis��e� by Lt. Francis R. Shunk of the U. S. CorFs Qf Engin�ers in 7ugust l8°2o ite provides c�n� of the earliest accounts of the pnysicai condition or tn� rivex (see co�ea design}: I examined th� river from its mouth upc��rd �or a distance of abou 13 miles, and obtained wha� informatian T cauld from inhabitants of �th� adjac�nt country..... Chetco Bay is a good summex� harbor...,. A� th� mouth of �he river there is a dry grav�l bar above ordinary high r�a�� abou�. half a mile long and 20fl ar 3Q0 f�et �ride, bath ends of wnich abut upon high ground, Througt� tnis bar the s�ream breaks, the �r�ositicn of th� entranc� �eing variable. At preseni� ir is near �h� nor�h end of th� bG�, in prolong- ation of �he direc�ion i�g the river just above. Fc�rmeriy �he river turned to t��e soufi:h just inside of �ne bar and �roke tnrough che southern endo The fo�n�r position af the channel is marked by a shallaw slough, clased at the c�uter encl, which is used to receive saw logsm The entrance is usualZ�• furdabl� at low tide duri.ng tn� summe�, and is . sc�metimes altogether closed, �t pr�sent it �s a�out 6 teet deep at 1aw tide an�I a�out 200 f�e� z,�ide. The rar�qe o= ticl� at t2:e mout�a of the rivez is abo�at 5 fset. The head of tic�e is about ; 1J2 mii.�s above 2:he moutha The width of the river just insi.de �he bar is abo�t 700 feet; at the head of tide it is abouz 200 feet. The total tidal area is about 200 acresa The ban?cs of this part.ion are high, except just at tne moutn on tne soutn side, wnere Chetco town site is located. 6 'Phi�s tid<zl ��ortion is o��structed hy two bars cjf r_oarse qravel and Ioostr stones. Or�e is 1 i/4 miles abave tl mouth, and the otizer 1 3j4 miles. They cause riffles when the tide is out, aver which a flat-bottomed skiff can scarcely passe At the lower of these two bars a large portion of the riverbed is exposed at low ticie. The rise of th� �tide at the lower rapid is about 4 feet, at the upper about 3. Between the mouth of the river and the firs� rapid there is plenty of deep water. Most of it is sai�3 to be 15 ar �0 feet deep a� low tide, In the second and third basins the usual aepth is 6 �0 8 feet> The tidal area is terminated by a rapid. There was formerly a third bar in tha tidal portions between the seccnd bar and the head of tide. It was washed away during the last high wat�r and has not returned. .�lbove the head af tide there is very little wa�er in the river during the summer monthso There i� in mast places a wide bed of coarse gravei and loose stones, through which a small straam wanders, sometimes in ane channel, some in t�ro. The�2 are numercrus shallows and rapids, anci a c�noe could not descend the river, although there are some deep pools ancl reaches, The lo�a-�rater stream �s from 50 to 200 feet wid�. About 1£i miles above it� mbu�h �.he r�ver �� o�s�.��c�Qd by a sc�rt nf vein of bowlclers, some of them as large as 500 �ons. A few miles above thi� i� assumes the character of a mountain torrentm For about six m�nths in the y��r the ri�r�r fill� its bank�. It is then in some plac�s f300 feet �vide, in othe�s con�racted to 100. At such time the wat�r level is not less than 4 feet above the usual summer stage. A� the 4-foat stage the current averages 6 miles an hour over the lst 15 males of its course. Af�er hea�y rains the water rises to a 10-foot stage, and at such times great quantities oF 1ogs, trees, and de}aris are brought d�wne Thes� flnods usually last only a few days. �uring high water the opening through the bar at the river's mouth is much enlargeci....> There is plent1 af tzmber - fir, spruce, myrtle, and tan aak, The iatter i� said to be of very fin� quality. There is a sawmill at th� mouth af the river, wYzich prepares a small quantity of lumber for local consumptionen.ae The population af the whole Che�co LTailey is nat more tha� 100m There are no settlements. The town site of Chetco is occupied only by the saurmill and a saloon...e. A ca�gonroad runs up the Chetco �iv�r fcr about 18 r:�ii�s,.a_. Tize steamer Emi1y makes pretty regular trips up the coast from San I'rancisco. Sh2 stops once or twice a mor,�h in Chetco Bay 011�S1G the rivex mouth Freigrit is carrie� �o and fro in 1igh�erso � � � Fig, 6a. Chetco River at i mouth of South �ork, R� 18,2. � May 9, 1981. '� Fig, 6bm Chetco River a�ove hridga p g�.i 11. I � blay 9 v 1981. � �'he com��rce a� �hbs �e�ia� 3s �.lmo,�t in��blea9� Sm�ll quantities of butt�r and �r�o1 are sh�p�ed �� San �r�ncisco by the Emily No a�tempts to navigate the Chetc� �a�e e�� e�n ��d�. ��o Va� ��1t, wh� �n� �he s�v��ll arad is int��t�d i� ghe ��n site, says t�a�� he �n��s in th� ��a� f�tur� �o �n a s�all s�eamer up th� river for ab�� 15 mil�s d�ring �'sae �int�� mon�hsa I� is said tha� schoon�rs ha�� nte�e� th2 mou°th of �h� ri�er on t�o occasions du�ing e�ceptio��lly ��vc�abl� �ta�� of the ent�anceoa.o I do no� consider th� Chetco P�ve; �ort�v of ��ov��snt, W��h resp�� to th� riv�r abo�s the h�a� o� �ids n� am�u�� o� imp��e- men�s wa��d re�d�� it na�iga3�1� d�ring th� st�un��, a�ad �n �int�� its pxesen� c�nd�.tion is such tha°t a small ste�mer coulc3 p�obabl� asc�nc� fc�r 15 or 18 miles, if th��e �er� any obj�ct in clfla.ne� so. In this econo�ic back�aet�r it s.s not surprising that �he early settlers used th� following means to ascer�d the river as �ecoa�nted by a 3�ter his�ora�ne� Chetco R.iver present�d a�nique ��mp1e of � wat�rc�raye �t had three stages, varying accorc�ing to s�ason - fl�ocl, navigabl�, d�y. In flood stage the Ch�tco b�came a raging torren�; the t�a�r�l�r took tt� the trail alonu th� ban}c. �� n�y�g��l� s�ag� ��cr��t ��r �A�� ,�i� at int�r�vals of a mile ar sn a boat had to be p�l�d �raugh",�ippl�s or towed thro�agh the �a�ids by c�aders abav�. �n d�°y s�.age� the river could be "navig�.te�'" by means o� a te�n arad wagona A gra�rel bar ��rer3 a� a c?�i��. T?��n b�r ��r�ir�c� ac�a��, �nt�t�Y��° g�a��l b�� ras reached on �the �ppt��i�� sideo Thi��g�x� b�.rs and a dozer� c�os�ings ��ought �he tra�eli�sg homest�ade� �� th� "l�ead r�g IS��S��i.j.OTS' 80 about 18 mile� ir��.�nd f�°om �s ocean m F�c�m thera he pr�c��ded to hs.s ca�an by �raa.l d Mz�s� Hat�tie P�yne mo�red tca Chetcts tlal�� ir� 1�t�9 az�� m�ried Herber�t Payne �rho was set�led u��i�er �Ri�i 16. 5) > Sh� coaafirnas that this was th� mo�e o� trawel for ob�aisaing s�pp�.�.�5 dr��ing mfld�r�� s��ges c�f wat�r ans� that �he skiff-li.ke boats were pol�d and puiled by rc�p�� ov�� ri�fles �nd ��rs. M�s, Patricia M�ll�r, c�xra�o� of the t�co Vali�y Museum� a3so states that her fatYaer-in-l�� as one of the se�tlers ��I 18) w�Co to�?t �hei� �rappl�.es npriv�r by boat��' The practice c�ntir�ue�3 �nt�.l �h� ear1� 1�20' � bgs *.�i�ich time Fr�d Ga�dner, for one (� 19} , was using a� outbaard m.otor �o power h�s boat. �� The Chetco was used from �ime to time f�r lag flotation. In April 1893, Georg� De11 with Johnny and Sam VanPel� brought a raft of logs do�n th� rive�, It hit a rock brsaking up th� logs and �ohn VanFelt �as n�a�ly drawne�o�� O�hers r�called th�t logs were floated from a cutting an Miller Butg� and from the site of the b�idge a� RM 10.7a F�rthez°more lumber from th� Tolm�a sa� (n�ar RM 5) was brought down to tidewater in scows �nd ra�ts,�� Fo� a few y�ars during the fi�st decade o� this century tanbark oak was floa��d do�n t� tid�wat�r for an enterp�is� condu�ted by John L. Childsa Later, after th� C& O sawtnill clas�d do�n, some set�lers floated chittum b�rk docanri�er �o �a�ket. Until closed by �he Fish Commission in 1935, a commercial fishezy operate� on the Chetco Ri�erv Zt b�gan as a seining op�ration nea� Harbo� but by 1913 Edwar� �an Pelt, E3.naer Miller and �ood B�os. obtained gill-net lic�nses fo� �C]�4YP{1P YC 1�� f 1 C}'1 t 9'9 fln $}f o� ` rm4rcr o 2Q Thmes e o r�a vl�, B. � � .3 s. a.t... °� �-, :C r ts'++s.'� a.vi uiaf t. uSc vaa uac �resh water portions of the river becatas� D3iller f�shed in that fashic�n as did xez°b��t P��r�€� �n� L�� 2�i11��° o �'�ae� �a�ul� p�� in �ram a� h�.�h �� tYae �ou�h o£ the Sou�h F�rk but �ore of�en f�t�m lower points li�e Garner and Ms.l1e� Bar> At the pres�a�t time the Chetco has � h�avy traffa.c in corntnerca�al guides who take p�ar�i.es for t�ire over various reaches of the river from upper summ�� bridge or the mou�Yz of the Sauth Fork do�rn to �icle�rate�. One Cali�ornia op�ra�or keeps six guidas employed �n the r�ver during the hei�ht of the winter steelhead season. He operates from September tca the end of �°ebrua�y when fgsh are runningm In a31, approa�imately 30 l�.censed and 10 unlicensed guides use the ri.ve�°, most coming from the Medford area tho�agh four ox five �re based in �rookings. The river could be used into April-�xcep�. for the legal closu�e of the rivere While the guides can readily operat� upriver, they pre�er to drift the stream as their :.^.aa:� ��a r�se a,� fbs�ain�. l0e 51��5 Riv@r Rsturning t� the ri�e�s of nor�hern Curry County, an ��ee�ent �as made an �anuary 1909 tha�:� A. Aa Jamison is �o have �ight, . m e a'cc� put �.n dam or dams ir� the littl� strea�n on the South si�.� of Six�s Riv�r [Beav�r �r�ek abovs RM 7] on the land of William Cox �� alold 3s�gs antil such ti.m� as ther� is a proper stage of water �he ravsr tfl �an them to the mill [nea� Six�s P o0. l also the pri.uilege ��. g�u� in nec�ssary booms in the rive� fo� the purpose of handlin� arac� holding logso This would se�a to is�dicate that logs w��°� c3ri�er� on t�at sl�ort reach of Sixes �tiv�r at the end of �h� first d�cad� of this cen�urya In the late 1920es the presez��t �ostma.str�s� �f S�.xes �ememb�rs s�einq ceda� can�s being flo�t�d down the river a� p�esent Eds�n Cre�k Park 4Rivf 10) by Bill Matheney. The followir�g li�ns levied b� Bu�l, E. M. and C. Fa Beckham in December 1934 may r�fer to �his type of flotatior�; it was placed on: a11 the Po�°�t Orfc�rd G�hite Cedar can�s n�t lying arad bei�ag i� Sixes R�.v�� in �ur�y Ca�a��, 0��r�� ° �n c��°avel bars and in �rifts in o� lo�ag siar� Sia��s Ra.ve�, s�i� cant� ranging in length froan six (6) �o e�e�ht �8) f�;�� and being brand�d eit�er with a b�arding ha.mmer �n th� ends �h�ran ��s: P. or �II oae there not being �.o exc�ed 270 pieces of said can�� ar�d '�he same being locat�d in or a1on� said Sia��s River betwe�n the j�r.ct�.on of Little Dry Creek wi�a the said Si�es R�.ve� and th� Pacifri� t�c�anm Liamb�r had b�sn cut f�°�m othe� can� �� thi� shc�e a� a sawz�ill n�ar Highway 1Q1 on the Sixes River, A cc�mgne�cial fishery exis�ed on Sixes River frozn a� 1�ast 1907 when Tm P, Hughes obtained a license t� use a g,i11-net �her�, Such a 8evic� suqc�ests �hat a portion of the fresi��rat�r river w�s used fo� th� fishery, thaugh in 1913 the only comm�rcial fishermen on the Si.xes wer� using set-netsa Later other com- merci�l fisherm�n lik� Grover C3evel�d LeClair, now �� Hunte� Cree3c Road would f �h t3�e SiX�S ��::v�;. �" ��v a we35 elo�� t5 i�i a�_ 27 There is �re� limi�ed commercial guid� rxsa of Si.xes Rie,rer at the present tgme abo�re �he Hiqhwa� 103 bridg�, 28 lia RECONL�tENDATIOP�I Only on the Chetco River was �heY� sufficier.t comme�'ciaa use to wa�rant a claiin by the State to the be� of the rivera This ��nuld be from the mouth of the South Fork at River Mile l�s e S to t2:e mouti? . The TJ s S, Corps of Engineers has determined �he river to b� navigable 'to Carey Cre�k at River P3ile 3.5, The basis of the claim is carriage of supplies by ea�1� settlers, a comm�rcial fi.shery, lumber carriage in �h° l�wer reach above �i�3ewat�r an3 presen� heavy use by cvmmercial guides. 12 LL �''.,>�3��{3R.'�S l, I�g��3��3 S�a�� Ta�t�r R��abc�� B��ed, Sou�ia ��s� Bas�.� {S�l�� 1�63) , pPa 31-39a 2 m C.T o S. . StiY'ST2� TT7�.`��Y R��tJi3��S ��'�� LL1� t7�'8��fl'1 a �� D��d �2��3fl�"� QR°�� tPC3�'t�.dild� .1�8�� r �. ��9 3. flr�g��a �rt��r Re�vj.a�c�� i3epartm�rat ��.�g��► o 4, Sc�u� C��s°� Bas�n, p�a fi-7, i2-3fl, 5o A. Ga �7�1?�.ng Histc��7 of South��n O��c��n �1534) r PPo 4f5, �77> 6a t��ril Dodga, �da ; Pio�e�r Hi�� of C�s and Cu�ry �Gor�n�a.�� 1f398) ,�. 26bo 7m Fzs� Wa�d�n, �a�h R.ec�is��r, Di�trict 1��. 2, Vol 2, �. 232 �IS� RG E'S, 57I�84, I�e�n Ab, S��t� ��cl�i.��, �alema Or��c�ra L�w� 1935, �a 306m 8o Inf�xm� �rr�m �� CJ� i COI�YIS��S 9 �h�.�e Ca.��', 23 O��t 1981s 9� �Ialliz��, H�.s��, ��d 4�6, �810 lOv Cresc�r��: Ci� De1 No�°�.e Ftecord, lt� 1�ar 1888a iln �bid 19 A�r 1850; in�o�mat�on f�om I��st�r Miller, � Oct 1981s 12 a U o S. Ckzi�" og ��gine�� , Re��°�t a 1893 : �p a 3433— 32 v 13o E. Re Petersora �rs� Alfred ��a��s� A C�rataary of �oo� �sad ��r� (Por�l��; Biraf�ar�is & ri��-�� 1��,�3 y pPo 337-38� I4> T�le�ia��a� �n��r�i.�w �i� i�bsa H��i� Payn�, �r�okir.gs, 20 Oct 1981m l5a 7nf��a�.ac�n ��om Nirs a�a��ica.a �a.11e�, 4��:ti 19�1n 16o T�lephone in��rvi�w wi�t Vio1a Haz��c�r�J�, 2t3 Nov 1981; D�.�rision of Sta�e Lands, Rogue R�ver Navi�abili�� S�tudy (1�79), Ppa �9-21. has a pho�o��aph o� a boat b�ing po��d upriv�r 17s Ed�rar� GB als�n, e�o ,Thes� °I'ill No�r �.n �rovka.ng� {�3r�a��ar��: R�tary Cl�, 1979), po 15, 1i3 0 "Curry ° s Ol��st Na��rre 5c�n, °� E�ar�k� Ha�snbold� Times ,'25 Mar 1967 ,��.rst pag� of �ect. 2; Curxy Cocanty I�istor?c«1 S�ci.e�y Bu2letin, April 1974, pa j3] a Le��e� Mille�° inte�i�wr, tel��ha�a� i��ervae� wi�h ��ax Bra�.n��d, B��okir�gs , ?5 �1ov 198�e 19, °°Tanc�a3c Tre� Played � Majc�r Ac�1e a� E�r1y Ect�nomy of Cur�r Area, Eureka Hiamboldt Tim�s, b Nov 1966, fir�t page �f 5ecg, 2o Va.ola Ha�ascomb �.n�e�iew. 20, �i.sh �l�rd�n, Ca�h R�gist�r, lo�m cit Ore�on Laws, 1935 pa 637, 23. �� ;��h H��i� Pa�n�, L�ste� �i11�� an� ��c�a �ill��, 22. Info�ma�ion f�om �h� foll�wing lic�ns�d g�id�st Le�nie Fik�, Ben Rs��t, Roy G��, T�r� �'C�n��s, J�ne� �a11is an� z� ��; inf_o�rn��i�n f�om A�ro Riakula, Departm�n� of Fish an� Wildlife, 23m C��r�y C�u��y ��v��ifi Cou�� C�� Noo 319. �an� � 8��ss, Cu��y C�un�y Cou��tho�;s�, C-,�ld ��ach. 24. In�erva��v �f 9��y 1��31 a 25, Cu�r� Cr��n�y rRec§�anics Li�ns 3, pPa 6 ff , Curr� County Cotzrth�us�. 26. Fish �Ja�c�en, Casn ��i��r, Di�t�� Nam 2, Vo� I, pm 48, Voi, �, �, 232. 27. T�?eph�n� a.nt�rvie�v w��i�a G� Cle�I�eClair, 3 De� 198I; Oregan Zacas, 193�, p, 3QC�o 2B a Info�rna�i�s� ��m R�y �re�� and James G7allis o 0 _ _ _ ,_ _ __ . _ _ _ __� , __ _ _ Ev.._!�l-._.� ... l _�T �3�'«' N...,.'L. � -� � _� � �� r rn � � w 0 < rn .: � 0 < � � � z o � " - O � � m � � � O � � N � � � ° C!y N O �, � c0 W , � � � p 0