Long Tom and Coast Fork Farnell�ON� TOM AND COAST FORK
NAViGABI�ITY STUDIES
��
James E. Farne�l, Ph.�.
RQSearch Analvst
DIVIS70N OF STA'I'� LARDS
salem, 4reqon
June 1979
INTRODUCTTON
Under the Equal Footing clause af the Oreqon Admi.ssions Act, the tlnited
States Government transferred ownership to the beds of a].1 rtaviaable water-
ways to the State of Oregon in 1859. At the time of this repozt, the full
extent of O�regon's ownership is unknown. The present development trends
along our waterways make it aoparent tha� the Iocation o� the State/Qrivate
boundaries is of extreme imoortance. The �973 Leaislature recaqnized this
and oassed aR5 274.029-d34. This law directs the Divisian of State Lands
to �nake a study of all Oreuon's waterways and to make �►sblic their €indincs.
This report is the Division's study of the Lon_q Tom arld f'oast Fark F.ivers.
The Coast Fork and the Long Tom Rivers are the two major streams at the
head of the Willamette �rainage Basin which rise in the Coast Range. The
Coast Fork was onc� also called the i�est �'ork of the S�ilZamette. The peculiar
name Long To�, like many other apparently whimsical OrNqpn gengraphic names,
is a shortened imitation of an zndian tribal name, Lung--tum--ler this was
vara.ously rendered Longtabuff and Lumtvmbuff by early explorers in �he reqion.�
The researcher wishes to thank Arch GiZ3.arn and Bill Pat�ten af Cattaqe Grove
for sharing their knawledge of eariy log drives in their region. Bill Patten
also a3.lowed copies ta be made of his early phatographs of loqginct on Mosby
Cxeek and Row River. Mrs. Vernetta McCallum also permitted renroducti.ans of
her photographs of Monroe.
The foiiowing institutians also extende� their assistance in this zesearch
Qroject:
Lane County Courthouse
Lane Co�nty Museum
Qregon Dept. of WatQr Resnurces
Oregon Dept. of Fish & Wiidlif�
Benton County Caurthouse
�reqon Historiaal Society
Oregon State Library
Cottage Grvve Museu�n
Front Cover: Gypsy at Monroe, 1900.
1
�a�c �oM ��sz�
The Long Tam's main stem turns �ack upon itself in the unpez reaches
and the river thereby forms a hook shaped confiquratian west of Fugene
(Fig, i). Passing south from its headwater, it collects the r+o�eratelv
qraded tr��utaries risinq �n the �oast ?ange, Foadle, F1k and r?oti Creeks.
It then turns east to �lrnira then north �here it is joined hv the larQe
southern tributary, �oyote Czeek (Fia. 2); their confluence is now �rowne�
by t�e Fern R.i�ge Peservoir. it continu�s north with sli�ht aradient
throuqh alluvial tarm lan�, where it is jofned by Bear, Amazon and Ferquson
creeks, past Monroe, and inta the Willamette. �hat entry has �een short-
ened in recent years. �onroe is now hetween River �iZes 5 and 7 of the
Long mom, but at the turn of the century T•�hen the Corps of Fnqineers was
improving the stream for naviaation, �onroe was �escribed as heina ZQ miles
upstream from the mouth of the Lonq Tom (Fi�. 3?.
mhe tatai drainage area of the Lonq Tom at t�e end of the nin�teenth
cen�ury was about 430 square miZes � Gtrea�F�ow data existe� in 1977 for
£our points on the �onQ Tom and its tirfbutaries as follov�s, the two Ia�ter
readings have �ee^ much modified since the �ays of navigation on tihe Lonq Tom
by erection of the Fern nidae Reservoir nam in 1941.
Location
�eriad �rainaa� nrea
{years) fSq, mi3es)
�ean Flaw Hi�h Law
(Cuhic feet oer second)
�oti R� 37.4
Coyote Creek near Crow
*�ear Alvadore �M 25.3
*!anroe °I�" 6.8
�2 R9.3
37 9�.1
38 252
Sn 39I
237 �,�9� �.�4
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LONG TOM Rl1/ER BASiN MAP �. •
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4
NAVIGATION
Frank J. Smith, a former rzver captain, commented on the past an�
pzesent navigability of the Long Tom River in a Z910 Portland newspaper
articZe, "The Lonq Tom River, once a naviaa�Ze stream ... has succu�e�
to the inevitable an� has retroqraded so far that it would take an exper-
ienced riverman to ascend it in a skiff."F Yet portions of the stream had
officia3 qovernmental status as naviqable waterways and sustained navigation
in fact.
Monroe saw its first steatnboat, the Ann on February Z7, 1869. Grain
merchants in that town formed the Lona 2om Transportatian Cor+pany, headed
by Capt. Swain H. Hendrix, C. Adains and 5. R. Ploodbury. They hovqht the
steamer Ann, and in cammand of Aaron Vickers, sent it up to ��!�nroe. In
P.pri3 18�9 she sank near Haxrisburg, however, and was purchased by �he
4dill�mette Freighting C�mpany in �une to run on thE Lana Tom.� This rival
company hac3 been 3riC0�30rd��+G� in Benton county on March 23, 1fl59 4,ith offices
at ��onroe. It was presidec? over k;y James Edwards, Jar�es 8rice, 0. C. Swain,
C. B. Eellinqer and five oth?rs. '�ts purpose was "to naviaate the waters of
�he wiiiamette River and of the LonQ Tom and other trihutaries." The Rnn
only made one trip £ar them to F�onroe. zt was then tiec3 up in a c3eep pooi
near the Bruce brzdqe where it rotted.
James Sruce and Green Berry �'r.!ith ther. built the Calliooe on the Lona Tom,
sold it to the tiaillatr.ette Navigation Company in r"_ay 2.871, and sent it to
Portland for mach�nezy. This outfittincr made it tnn heaw tn navicratp P__VP]"(
the wi1].amette, and at the foraclosure sale it was taken ovPr hv Bruce in
a
�ecember 1892.� These tentative and ill fater� ventures comnrised the first
phase of steamboat naviaaLion on the LonQ Tom.
S
The second phase of st�amk�oat navigat�on has extensive dacumentation.
D�rina the sprinq of Z896 the Steamboat r,i sy ascende� the Lonq Tom far three
�iles to Rickards Landing. In lBo7 Capt. W. �. Fish of the Corgs of Enqineers
zecommend�d that th� Long Tom be c�eared of obstructions tq alZow hiqh-water
navigation between the mouth and Monroe (Fig. 3).�� ?'he project was ap�zoved
in May 1899 anc3 work commenced the Eollowincr Septe�her,
The weekly operations reparts qf the Enaineer detailea the remqval of
larye overhangiriq trees and dzifts of wood and timber, blasting of snaqs and
hard pan, and the straightenina of bends. On rlovemher Z�., 1R99 M. C. Dunn
wrote.
The �ar we are workinq on now is 23Q ft Long by 50 wzde anc3
abought 3 1/2 ft aboue low water, and this is in my judgment the
most c3ifficult bend in Long Tam. slow nrogress is �ade here owe�.ng
to amount of Gravel to be moved. z had man and Team er�nlayed last
two days and by usi� Powder to loosen �ravel can use Team & scraper
to good.advantage.
The June 14, 190D lettex summarized the work accomplished and t!�e resultant
navzQation:�
�t the beginning af the year [endi.nq ,7une 30, �Q�}n] nothinq
had been done. The work of clearinq the river of hiqh water obstructians
from Monroe to its mouth, a distance of 10 miles was heqe:n Septer<tk;er 1,
and comp3.ete� *]ovember 28. This w4rk consisted of clearinq the banks
and shoals of overhanginq trees and br�sh and blastinq out snaqs, jams
and grave]. bars. A crew of about tweive men were empioye� throughout
the time and operatians were carriec3 on by means of sma3.1 baats and
from the �anks.
�
'£he �al lowing is a summary af the work perfornte� .
Snags and trees cut, 59p
5q. yds, brush cleared, 1403
�naqs � �rees biastec3, a��
Cubic yards gravei blasted, 146D
Pounds Pow�er us�d. 3800
Durina the high water of the spring and winter months a number of
triQs were made to Monroe by the Str. "Gypsy" of the �. R. &*!av Co & about
50� T, of arain and f�aur were hrought out. '^hese were the first shilaments
�^ade by river for 2D vears or more.
navid B. Ckrden, Asst. Ena.
F.
Fig. 3. Uo S. Engineers 1896,
5ketch Map of the Long Tam
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Siil Carpenter of *?o�se�an �.�illage, Junction City, aqe 92, move�� to
�ionroe in Z890 and helped load qrain nn the �vpsv (he is the boy at the foot
o€ the grain chute in Fzq. 4). �h� steamhoat made anly 3 tri�s. The last
was in �arch 19�0 when the water fell very ranzdly in the r�ver ana the Gypsy
just got aut, never to return. '�r. Carpenter confirmed that the mouth of �he
14
Long Tam at that t�me was farther north than at �resent. Within a decade
after the Gypsy's final trip the Lon� Tom had reverted to the con�itions
�escribed zn the first paraaraph.
It is important to emphasize that the actual steam�oat navipation of the
Lonq Tom d�rzna the years 1869, 1871, 1899 ana 19�0, occurred over a dif£erent
and longer lawer section than exists in the present channel of the river. I�
wer.: by Pruce, Rickard's Landinq, and portions of C�Ct1D� 24 and 25 of Township
�5
13 Soutn, Ranqe 5 West. mhat is to say it flawe� over thQ section now call�d
"Old Long Tom River" on tihe Water Reso�rces uan. This was the rivar's c�annel
until after I917.
mhere �o not seem to have been licensed ferries on the Lone Tom durinq
the early days of settlement, but when tne Fnaxneers reauire� Benton Cauntv
ta take out bridaes on the Lawer Lonq To� which obstructed navi�ation in 190�,
it was reporte� that a ferry would be put in by the county ta replace Runay
bridge {preseat River Mile 1) 1�
r�oG n�rvrrrc
It was in connection with loq drivina that the Lona '^om receivec� second
recognition as a naviqable river. '?'his was hy Lane countv in 3.9�0, at the
time Che Corps had improved the Iower r�ver far steam�+oat traffic. J. [��.
S?alters, the sawmill operatar from �'lmira, netitioned the *,ane C'ounty
Commissioners for the Lonq '£am and its trihutaries, �'lk Creek, *toti Creek and Poodle
9
Creek and tiheir tri�ntaries, �o be each a pukslic hiqhway for the floatfn4
and transpartation oF Iogs and timYser accordino to an 1899 act of the nreaon
Legisiature. He also reauested permission to �ui1d dams and hooms in order
to im�rove these streams £ar loq transport. The i,ane County rommissioners
noted tha� the streams had not hereto�ore heen naviga�le in fact far com-
mercial pUrposes or deciared by Zaw to be naviaahle. They ap�raved the
p�tition and aZlaw�d the removal of obstzuctions and canstruction of dams,
boo�s and other im�rovements, "as �ay he require� ta constzrute eac� of said
streams a oublic hiQhway, to the extent of its nresent capacir.y fnr the fZoat-
ing and transpartatzQn of loqs, timber and lumrer within the MeariinQ and pur-
Ase of the act of the leqislatvre." ►�nder t�is �eclaration walters then ieasea
that pub�ic highway from the county for ninety years to ra£t, float and hoom
lous, timber, an� lumber; he was allowed to charqe talls to othez users.��
The use of the i,�na Tom for loq flotation �ad be�un �arly in the history
of w�ite settlement. Joseph and David �'hite bailt a sawmill at *�onro� in 1852
or 1853 to which Ioqs were flaated on the Long Tom. The suppZy of loqs was
soon exhausted and the �ill roved. Another. sawmill at '+anroe was Zease�. �y
one Tox�er in 1865 and rnay still have hesn apezatinc in the i870's.� �'hese
early Monro� sawmiZls probably did not receive their sawlogs from verv £ar up
the Leng To�. BiII Hutchznsan, who lived in Monroe f.ro� 189Q on, sai� t�e
riv�r a�ove Monroe was too choked with �rifts to aet even a skif� thrauqh
when he was young. But he did recall that a few scaw loa�s of rack tor the
MOnTO� �d� WP_rP �Ynt3nht �r,�r f� Y� r�f� r�Y ��r2S�r 4 P3'vc� �iie n j, 2 �
"_'he most intensive �oa �rivinq was done an the upper river and tribut-
aries, and there was a middle area of the river far wnich no s��idence of com-
mercial transport has heen discovered. The earliest notice of �oa clriv�nQ on
t�� t�PPex Lonq "'om was on its hiahest reaches between ?iver !�iles �9.7 and 5I.7.
30
�. R. GoZdson testifie� in I899 that he owned a sak�mi�l near the �ower ooint
on the Lonq Tom on which site there had �een a sawmill for thirty year previous.
The sawmill had gained its loas, almost without interrnption, on the s�rface
o£ Long Tom River from above the mzlZ. T�is was the only means af obtainina
sawioqs. Four years �efore i899 P,obert Poston had put up a sawmi�l at River
Mi.le 50.5, and zts dam obstructe� the passage of �oldson's sawloqs {Fig. 5).
An injunctinn was secuted by �,oldson to allow his loqs nast Porton's dam, but
a num�ez of lawsuits foZiawed.
E. C. Carter, age� 23 years in 1899, who had resided near rnl�san �ost
�f�ice fo� 16 years, described the candition of the river fn the sectzon driven
durinq the drive of 1899. This was the faurth �rive he had partzci�ated in for
Goldson; the €irst was in the year I888. Carter asserted that the �ogs were
run over two mzles above Poston`s da�*s, that there was plenty of water to rUn
lc+gs, and the stream a•reraqed 35 to 40 faet in widLh durina the running period,
the fzrst week in �anuary. Many o£ the loqs were 50 to b0 inches in diameter.
There were at Zeast 14 men on the drive in �8$8 and presusnabiy a similar number
in 1899. They did not use horse teams, Cackle or chains, but the loqs only
ran i00 yards vx so and then jammed, xhe men then had to hreak �he jams an�
keep the iogs floating. (The very crooked course of rhe Lonq Tom in that
sectian makes this auite understandable.} Car�er said 6-T���,t��� feet af ioqs
came down in two or three bunches durinq �he seven days he participatEa in
tha drive.
The Lane County Circuit Court determine� as � matter of law in this
case of Goldson v. ?oston that the �onq Tom was not a naviaa�le river. Presum-
abiy the petitzon of walters to t�e Lane County ComYnissioners the fol�owinq year
was at Zeast in part tio counteract this decision. Galdson neti�ione� for that
privileae in tday 2901, but na action of the Commissioners is zecorded 2
�1
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The Lonq Tom and its trib��aries continue� to sUStain a livelv
traffic in loqs. �•'. �r?. Barren and t'?. F. Davis registeze�? t::eir �.ocr ;�ranc:
for the Lona ?'or! and its tributaries with the Lane County c'lerk in �arsuary
1898. Durina the wintar of �HQ4 c, S, Step�ens was runnincs loc�s in
.�oti Creel� (Fia. 6a) . '^he �te�hens lands a�ere in Sections 14 and 15 of
T.awnship I8 �outh, Aange 6 ti7est about 6 to 7 e+i3es uca r?oti Creer. In �?avem�;er
1900 �. .�, tiGalters, witn the aut�ority ot ?�zs Grant from ?ane County, had a
crew drivina J.ogs down the sa�ne �aaterway. ��?alters had previouslv heen at
"�".onroe and purchased the Flmira sa+as'+a.11 eari�� in I9�n, ET� hac? contracted
for 3 million feet of loas to he cut in t;�e Lak_e Cree�� mountains and floated
to E3mira where they �rere to he cut inta ties.
S•lalters �ominated the c?rives an the up�Pr L,ona To�± at the be�innina of
t'�is centur,i. The February 1?O1 issue of the ?'i?�1;erman state{� that "�. ['.
4�;ric?ht of Coldson, in ,7anuary, mac?e a�,3�0,!3�� foot locrging drive f.rom
Stevens' ranch, on r�o Tie Creek, to Elmira, a distance af 15 r+iles, t?:e
drive being r!a�e i.n 12 days. The �aas were `or �he S�Talter's sacas�ill at
�lmira." (Fia. 5i�,c}. Ey April of the same vea� ?�'alter and �on �ad 2
rillion �2E?t 6f ZpQS lrl their �sOQ1�. 'i'?7? `: � Cprrac nrlrj�nt t,n 'Ph,o G?�,,ct
_ �'---
reporte� that Levi Berks?�ire and Charles hitc?�cack r3rove locrs dot,�n the Lona
iom to the �lmira sak7miJ.1 durina January I902.�� In January 1a�3, J. .��.
t•:al�ers qot Iocrs out of :Zota. Creek in the winter freshet. ?"�e sprina c3rive
of th� .?alters �um�er r'olroany in 19�34 consiste� of 1,5�(?,n00 feet dawn t�e
Lona �'or� to �'lmira. The �^arch drives down the rloti an� Lonr. �'om to �'lr?ira
in 1905 and 1906 caere eac� of 2 millipn �oard fee� (Ficr. 6d).
Durz.nq the annual c3rive in i908. ^homas T.. Fvans of �?ale, which is on
E�.k Creek, r3ro�rned in the Lang Tom three-quartiers of a mile 3�ove Fl.n^ira.
Zn April I�'0� t�Ze Elmira Lumber �:.ompany saas see};ir.� 's�ids for putta^g in
0
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that seasan's loqs. In January I910 Charles Layne drawned near Crow
during a Zog drive an Coyate Creek (Fiq. 7a).
[•� iZe J. W. Walters seems to have been the exclusive user of the upper
Long Tom in the first ten years af this century, strengthened in tlizs �osition
�y the grant of the Lane County Commissioners, �he next decade witnessed
�rives to o�her mills.
E. D. Handy drove 60,000 feet of logs in tihe Long Tom tq ehe A. W. Fox
Lumber Company located a quarter mile northeast of tloti Post Offica at F.zver
.tile 3Q (�ig. 7c} between May Z9 and �ctober IZ, 1915. �n OctoSer 26, 1917
F. A. Tripp and W. E. Powe�l agr�ed to supply the �ill of w. D. Tayior and
w. H. Whisman on Poodle Creek near t3ati �ai.th £ir sawlogs which the 3atter
were to cut into railroact ties and deliver back inta Poodle Creek at the
taii of the Mill. The sawmil]. was abaut one mi].e up Poodie Creek near its
jusiction with Elk Creek (Fig, 8a),�� During April 192d, the Barnes put a lien
on the old growth Douglas fir �hey had ta3cen from the Conrad nlace on Poodle
Creek and put into that stream for the John w. �ring mill at 5ailor, nregon
(RT•i 37.5). A. G. Fisher �ut 342,OQQ feet of locrs in Lona Tom Creek and had
418,000 feet between �eneta and ��rus {RM 37.3) on the Long Tom durinq summer
of the same year,
after the Public Service Cammission obtained jurisdiction over lag boom-
ing franchises in 1417, three companies applied for such franchises on the
upper Lanq Tom and its trihutaries. The papers of the commission add to our
knowledge of the lumberina geoaraphy of the area and the use af the river
and its tributaries �or lag drives. "�lost af the operators men�ioned in the
grevious paragraph appear in their records.
The Dean Lumber Company was the first company to make application to the
Co�unission .7une 27, 191$. It requested a franchise on the first quarter miie
35
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of r]oti Creek, approxi�ate�y the fizst two and ane-�alf mi�es of Elk Creek
and tne partion of the Lonq Tom between Piver �zles 44 and 37.5. Ft groposed
�o build two selash dams on the upper portion of the Long Tom over which they
requeste� a franchise, a dam at the mouth af Nati Creek and below the mouth
of Poodle (ca�led Hayes Creek) on Elk Cr�ek, and a hoiding dam at their
mill site below tloti �n t�e Lnna Tom (see �ap, Fiq. Sc). There were a�ready
three sawmills operating on the streams in the sections which the Dean.Lumber
Company wished enfranchised: the Thomas Orr mill on Elk Creek, the Taylor
and Whisman mill on Pood],e Creek and the dams of the Pacific Tie Company of
Noti on the Long Tam (see map, Fig. 8c). P.dditionally the E�.mira Lumber
Company owned �y the [4alters' family was still usina the river to drive �oqs
to thEir trzill. F. C. walters described their interest in the river to the
Dean Lumber Company on Juiy �3, 1918:
Our company For the oas� eiahteen years has heen expendinq consider-
able maney annually upon the Lang Tom, :�oti, Elk Creek and Poodle
Creek, cleaning these streams of Iogs, stumps, drifts, bJ.astinc�
rocks, digainq cuts, etc. to straiqhten creeks in p�.aces, buildinq
c�ams, cutting trees, brUSh, etc. alonc the banks, and daina all we
cou].d reasoaably do to make these stzeams �it for drivinq loqs. '^his
work, in all., would run 3nto many thousands of dollars....our mil�
at E2mira is entire3y dependent upon this river and its tri.�utaries
for a 1.oq supply. Likewise the timber we �ave been securinq for
years alang these streams is dependent upon the streams for trans-
portatian to market.
�1ow from our many years eYperience drivina logs on these small
streams vre knaw how difficuit i� wou�d be to attempt ta ?�andle 2oqs
�or two mi11s where one r�ills loc�s waul� have �o nass the other mill.
Z�e had this condition in view when w� wrote you cfferina tn sell out.
[As yet you have not� seen fit to canfer wit:� us reRarding any possi�le
rights we miqht pflssess b�_virtue of years of work and much money
�xpended on thesa creeks,ss�
'�he cor.unission iaas so impressed �•,ith the condition of the stream after the
years of work of the Elmira Lumber Company that they det�iec� the Dean Lumber
Company's application. IL is nateworthy that the Eltnira Lumbez c'omraany's
dr.ives seem nct to have depen�ed upon splash dams, which arre not mentioned
in the proceedinas, on�y upon wina dams to strengthen the hanks.
18
. ! j:rc �� :r.v e y �sti G -,���
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z
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N OT E= ��� A�o.v� C��� Z.va .c �rES oRr.o�v o.
Fa.g. Sc. L,ang Tom near Noti. _... S'��.an�s_._�.' �y- ,a�°7���c,�_i�o�+!_ o�
1918.
�regon State Archzves ��,a �v c�� s� 7 c.� �e R r D,�.r L o��,,,,�
���A i r oiy5
O = �.v��C,qTES •`�PP�inC,MA%E �o�,q1.o,�rS �F
� � . ��0�05 �.� ��4.'7S �o �E Locq7rl7 �IS �� �7�C=_jj
. � ��
, - L.oca;io�v O� r�oPase.������;E'
O �.� -4 M s � T �'/e � s E.v T L o c.� T� a Z3 y
�AGIFiG %i Co;�,��R,.ry o��1dr, O���
���J' f.�.r.lT/.:n �'.F fy'.s ���- �^"�� :_ - �='O. /Yc7: ��teG
19A
' �5 ��r_n � F /'� G. P i ��it�_ . J"�<./Y'oT: C'a r
The second company to �etition the Pu}�lic ��rvice Commission for a
franchise to drive a tribu�ary of the �o�q Tom was the Veneta Timber Products
Company which filed application for Coyote Creek on September 1, 1918. They
requested this privilege fram River �ile 26.5 of Coyote Creek to the EuQene-
Coos Bay branch of t�e Southern Pacific Railroad which crossed the strear.i a�
River �Sile 4.��� In fact they only �lanned to use the river from Riv�r "4ile
23 dawn and the only substantzve improvements tihey p�anned was a splasn dam
at River tai�e I2 {see �ap, Fiq. 8d) and �he boom at the railroad tez
It ap�eared from the proceedinos that the w. H. Cannady sawmill at Hadley-
ville {R,M i5) expected to receive sawlags for their mill on Coyote Creek
above their mill after mzd-December 1928 for a distance of one and one-ha3f
miles ar to River Mile 16.5. The Commission granted the franchise from RiveY
:�iles 22 to 4 of PoodZe Creek on �ctober 31, Z918 with the stipulation that
the portion between River Miles 15 and I6.5 be impraved by removal af drifts
and abstructions hefore December i5, 1918,�
Thirdly, Che Bonrgeis-Evans Lumber Cornpany petitianed for a franchise on
the Long Tom and its tribu�aries on February Z9, 1929. This campany already had
a sawmill on Hayes Creek, �vhich em�ti�s into the Lonq fiom at Piver �ile �5.4�
Their application therefore included up to River Mile �9.4, just a third af a
mi�e below the location of the earlier �. P. Go�dson sawmill. O��erwise �he �
sactions of the Lona Tom and its tributari�s specified was almost identical
with that requested by the �ean Lumber Company. In the six years between the
�o applz�a�i�ns, the cast of characters in the lutnberinq industry on �he upper
Long Tom had considerably altered. A. w, Fox had a mill just be2aw Noti on
the Long Tom, but only drove a�out two and one-half miles on the river al�ove
the mil� and its dam, and that had been for oniy three years ending in I921.
fihat was the last date that the speci�ied portions of the river ha� been
19B
driven by any company. T'he �lmira Lumber Company had so�d ovt its timber
in the area and had not done any recent drzvina, The lack of �se in the
intervening few years had left the Lonq Tom, �Ik, Poodle and *Ioti Creeks
chaked with logs and debris:
Fox testi£ied:
I put dams in there to float my logs down. I couidn't work
without that. I put it in goad shape and 2 had quite a few
�ams in there. I los� quite a number of m� lqqs but I c�uldn't
lumber ther� without having flood dams to do i� with because
in the winter time when the water is high you can get your
loqs aZright, without that you had to have your dams.
Q. Are any af those dams there now?
I think there is one of them. It might be fixed so ��at it
could be used.
Q. Can you qet that timher out w�thou� impravinq the stream
at this time?
Xes, I could run it out as far as I have cleaned it aat. You
may �ave to cut away jams, noG much.
S. H. Conrad who lived on FZk Creek and was a tiinber owner {see note 33 for
logging on his lands and use of E1k Creek) objected to the franchise on Elk
and Noti Creeks because those streams were "a�ready onen and has been used
f�r mare than twenty years, at Ieas� twenty-five years, and the public has
enjoyed the free rights." He contended that khe franchisa should on�y be �
given for River .iiles 4�.5 to 49.4, the area which in fact needed clearinQ
and other improvements.
�n 1y14 the Com�ission conclu�ed thaL:
no portians of said streams w��hin said Iimits (Lhe fu1Z extent
of the appiication] in their natural condition, are naviaabie
for f3oating logs of other timber products exce�t at certain
times af the year, and that ail of said portions of said streams,
covered by �his applicatian, may be made naviaable fnr £ioating
logs or other timber products during the months of November,
Jecember, 3anuary, February, and �7arch of e33� year by the
zmprovements contemplated by the apqlicant.
19D
�he franchise was crantsd, and in the ,�e�r endinq 7uly 1°25 the °ourgeis-
Evans Lur.sber �ompany �ad driven 2,355,475 feet of sawloas down the river
and boomed and rafte� 300,�0� feet. �ut it apPeared they had onlv -3one so
in the few �iles aireadv improved by Fox!�
^be compan� di� not entir�ly rest on the o�or� of their nredecessors,
ho�ever, as the re�iniscences of some of t�e area residents testify. ��esta
CuII, aaed 7I of �tot�, are�� uo at the eonfluence of Poodle an� *?oti �reeks.
After her �arriaae in 1°28, her husband c,-or�ec? on lda drives in the area
under Denver Fvans �or three years, sa she is ahle to aivp a circu�stantial
account of the techniaues of drivina tha Lona mom in those years. mhe river
��as driven from CooY P.oad (P.iver "�ile �15) doa either to FZmira, the
Fox ''.ill beloca �Ioti, ar the later r�i13 at Saiior. `^here was a sp�ash �?ar^
at :?oti and others every t:�ree r�iles upriver (arou� F in aI33 to assist the
drivzn�? �urinq low water, �houah the heavy u�inter fiours o�ten a�loF��ed drivinq
to tal:e place withaut theix assistance. "?rs. Cull states that the river �aas
muc:� :�igher during the years of her chiJ.c�hood t�!an at present, the ?
arounc� idoti being reqularl�� subr�eraed durina the �ainter r�onths at tnat �.img.
:'ti2 P:iii �dTC! di. Sc3iiQ� iv3$ d.'�S6 use� clS cZ ST��c1$Yt C�dY^ �O c11C� c�Y1V�PC t� "il°:1�c3
in 1oc�r water seasons. "`he last drive ��as conc�ucte�? by T��alt Berry in 1p32 or
1933,
F.o<� Fisk, a retired loaqer now Iiv'ing in Fuqer�e, used hot' the G�ilor anci
?Ioti c3arrs as siairuning noles when he �•ras a?,ov. F?e aJ.so recaZ�s loas beina put
into �?oti Creek with push jacks3� FTrs. C�i11 s�ates t'�at ,'oti Cree?� S��as onlv
driven for a fe�+T miles Y�hen she �aas yaung, because t�e Fisher sawr+,i11 on that
stream used an,� loQS froM hiaher in the v:aters�!a� . 37
On Poo�'lc Creek, Frank "ontqomer�� nurchase� land fror� Fre�? ��'a�ters an�'
r�.oved to :�is pro�erty an �ll.isan �oac? in 1�1�. nt that tir�e a larRe snlash
� p.,
dam crosse� Poodle rreE� an his land. Locaina continue? on Poo��e Cree'.�
until t�e mi� 1�2�'s. mhe �oqs were peele� in the woo�s and put in no
�ore than a.r,uarter mile above the splasn dam. mhey were F�oate� �o4.*n to
eit:�er the Elr�zra mill or to the ��^�isman mi13 on poodle Creek. 'I'tlis was
with unaided strear.lflotv durir_q winter hiah uater, but most o£ the t�.r^.e �
release a� ��Jater from t?�e splash dar� was reava.red to carrv the ioas. T?
creek at that time k�as clear and free of anv under?�rush all t'�e wati� to its
confluence ;�ith �'oti Cree}:. �ix to eiqht r+en were used to �?r�ve the �ocs
t?:� shart distance on Pocdle Cree'.j.
Lastly at t:�e m.outh o� t'�e river, Allan '^ay�ew nut in 7,�nn feet of
merchanta��e ash and :naple sac.lo�s for �. 7. �co'tt and �??�*�erson uar�t•rood
Company in I917. "'his was or. the old course o� t?�e stream on t�:e Gc�uth
half of the '_•]ort'.^,east auarter and Ilortheast auarter of the ?VOrtheast
quarter of Section 25, anc� �he Soutr ?�a1£ of t!�e Southeast cruarter o�
a
Section 2^ in Township 13 South, Ranae 5`°'est. "
PFCFr1? TIO"d
The biologist o� t�:e Departr��nt of Fis'� and s�?ildiif? reports �':at
durinc tne sprinq t� is �eavy use bv sriall hoats of '�'�e sectian ��tc�een
Beaz Creek and Cox �utte '�oad, r'� 17-19 £c+r fis?�in�. "_'he lower mile of -
the Lona ^'or� in its nresent c7annel aiso i hea� use �v fisherrrer. usinq
larcer �.rift ?^oats . 4�
1�F
Gt;,rr•n ay
"'?�e Dzvision of State Lanc3s has a c3air^ to �.he lower ter r?iles of
the old course of t`�e Lonct ^'om piver �elow '-?onroe on th� *�asis or actual
steamhoat naviaation. �*_her carmercial use ad�?s a clai�^ to one r�ile a�^ove
'•:onroe. Loa drivir.q tvould extend the State's clair.t of t'r�e Lona '^ot^ river-
be� to the section bet<<�een miles 5?, an� 31 a'� the mair. stPm, the first
seven �^iies af ;1oti Cre�k, the first five miles ot Paor�le c'reek, the first
mi�.e and one-half of Eik Creek (to F?ale), and Coyote Cree� ��t�aeen piver
`".iles 4 and 16.5.
0
�9G
COAST FORK RIV�R BASIrX
�'he Coas� �'ork of the Wil�amette River has a right angZed river basin,
A line o� buttes south of Eugene forms the long 4�estern sic3e of the basin
and the Calapooya �ivide the short southern side; these are cannected by
an undu].ating hypotenuse along the northeas� (Fig. 9). The 665 �qua�e
mi.le basin is primaXily in Lane County, though same of the southe�n headwaters
lap over into Doe�glas County. The highest poin� is Fairview Peak, elevation
5,933 f�et in the Ca�.apooya �ivide.
�'he headriaters of the main stem, Big River and Little River, have short
�sstances of s4e�p gradi.e:�t but �hese fZatten befo�e forming the main stem
w3:ich ha� moderat�_ gradiEnfis throughout i,ts ].ength {�ig. ZO) . The Coast
For:�'3--tr,ajor easter� '�aeibutary, Ravr Rivez, has a somesahat steeper gradxent
w«i�� is accen��at�d zn its uqper headwaters, Laynq and Frank Bzice Creek.
'�':�e ?�we:� t��s`a�� �o the Row, Mosby Creek, has a mare moderate gradient,
com.p�=�3.e LO l y�.,�,.� stem of the Coast Fork which i� paral Iels .
The Cva�t resz?� a:�d Mosby Creek have low riffles throuqho�t't their
lengtr,s (Figs. I3, I�); by cantrast Row River has several pronaun�ea bedrock
�ee£s, notahl�r �t Wi��wooc� and below Darena which obstruct zts channel (Figs.
31, zI, 22).
Streamflow data to 1977 exist at thxee points on the Coas� Fork 4�
Station Period �rainacte Area t3ean Flow Hicrh Lat•r
(Years) (Sq. Miles) (Cubic F��t Fex Second)
London , P.�i 3 S. a
Bp�ow Cottage Grave
Da�n, R�i 29.4
Goshen, P�1 6.4
4�
38
33
77,1
104
642
2C�3 I2 ; 5C0 �.8
27B 5,910 none
1,675 58,50Q 36
zo
;
,
, � ,,,s.«.,... - - - - -.� .
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Eugena
�
�
I
-l1-
I
� �
Springf
Goshen
O _
� Cresweli
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��
_ s��i�cw o �
Mtd ��h
C4'iC3�. ��
LOCfS� �r�1te „ ° � z
�
�asi� ; ;�
.,'� o
LQ'hflm f5� YJnlrl�n C
f,
��
Q ��� � LCa!�tcge Gfove
� �am Bi
F p�se.-ve��
Cedar Cr .
�. i
L
��
Big Caugar
Bend
s
Ri��,�
.�. niockbuife
�Ofl@ � _ -
�- -��� Douglas
�1171�C�Ug
21
Clrn�erdale
Middle
Fork
Creek "
,� ms
�
)orena �c•
oam a �
Reservoir
Dorena
sra�e o� oa�coN
oAnwaGE sa5w Ker r4v
y +ue.m
� Gaid
� tAkrMikla
$orq lbaG NOnG�
W���«�.
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Mou�.
M.x�w.
\ La4
li � GdOw B
J e� a.rn..
Royr Klamotn
Coast Fork Sub-Bas�n
Of fhe
Upper Wilfamette
Drainage Qasin
SCALE OF MILES
O I 2 3 G 5 IQ
S�b-Bas�n
Fairviaw
CoUnty I' Numbers on streams indicate
� miles above mouth
BQSI� -
Figure 9,
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22
As can be noted, the presence af the Cottage Grove Dam has great�y altered
streamflow characterfstics below it in recent years. The same is true with
regard to �orena pan� on Aaw River.
S�reamflow data exist for t4zree points on t�e Row and zts tri�utaries. 43
Period Drainaqe Area Mean Flav High Low
5tat.inn (Years) (Sq. Miles) (Cubic Feet Per 5econd)
Dorena, RM �3.2 42 211 602 33,i00 i0
E. of Cottage Grove,
RM 5.5
Mosby Creek at mouth
38
31
270
?5.3
758 �2,4on
245 14,If10
0.2
2.8
Vine�y percent of the Coast Fork Basin is mountainovs in character which
explains that its most important industry durina �he nz�eteenth century was
mining, cen�.ezed in the Bohemia district near Fairview peak in the Row
headwaters. I,atterly the �umber industry has dominated tihe economy of the
basin. �
23
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�avzcA�iou
There was never s�eamboat naviqation o� the Caast Fork o£ the w�llamette,
but it was sufficiently wide and dan�erous ta warrant the �stab�ishment of
ferries in the early days af settlement. Thomas W. t�hittemoze had a
license for a ferry across the Coast Fork in 1853, and in the same year Elias
?�. Briags had one for a ferry acrass the �ain West Fork of the Willamette.
Whittemore's iicense was zenewed in July 184a. �7oseph Petty was qranted a
Iicense by the Lane Caunty Commissioners for the Coast Fork_ in I85� and i8ti2.
The OCM Railroad Company was issued a license in Juiy 1865, ?�1�e lacation of
these �erries {or single ferry) was not given in the Commissian�rs Journal.
In *?ovember 1870, however, Nelson h�aagert was bouna to keep a ferry on the
Coast Fork of the hizliamette where it was crossed by �he military road.
LOG DRIVES
As i.n othez areas af Cregon, sawrtills were necessary from the first days
of white settiement in the Coast Fork basin. At Dorena on Row River there
was a crtide sawmzll in 1853; faur years later in �857 Harvey f?azeZtan ruilt
a sawmil� on SiI3c Creek at Cottage Gzove. Up the Coast Fork J. B, and �
J. M. Rouse buiit a sawmill at I,ondon in 167n; tf�ey had loqqed their r�roperty
since 1866. 48 They probably had sent the logs �o a mi}.�. ownec� in 1867 ??v
Phi2ip N�e�s, w��,Z�,� P�s�� ��;��a *�,�allcer and Jor:r� B. Rusner at Giver "�iiie
33. The normal mode by which �Vumbers anc3 his partners seceazec? ].oas for their
mill, hovrever, was �y oxen. 1�urinq the severe w�nter of 1867-8 tihey even had
recourse to hand rollinq locrs from t�e hills into their r,ill nond 4� ,7, J.
�
Comstock �uiit a sawmiil at Latham (near RM 25) in 1879. 2t had a da� and
boom for storage of Iogs, some o£ which may have been receive� down the
river.
The first direct evidence for drivinq on the Cnast Fark beqins with the
Thomas Brumbaugh sawmill. The 1870 Census reported that the mill, which was
located in the Cottage Grove precinct, received its loqs frqm �hree �iies
above the mill on the Goast Fork.S� Durinq the spring and surnmer af either
1884 or I885, Olzver and Briggs drove 4,000 railroad ties ta Latham from the
W. �. Shortridge mill beiow London and an even larger number from t�e �ouse
Mi1Z two miles above London (�iq. 12). In ApriZ 1885 Lanqdon and whiee
reported to E. W. Whippie tha� Mr. Chapin had put a wire fencE across the
rzver at RM 25 just at�ove Latham ta pravent the runninq of logs past his
house.�
On November 6, i905 the Lane Caunty Cammissianers permited J. B. Rouse
to use explosives to r�move rocks, logs and other obstructions in the Coast
Fark from Latham to 8 miles above the Coast Fork Lumber Company mill at
�andon in his business af dr�ving loqs and lumber in the river. (The
Coast Fork Lumber Company had bought out the Rouse-Geer Lumber Company during
the svmmer of 1901.}�
Befo�� the Lane Connty Co�rt gave Ro�se permission to blast in th� Coas�
Fork, there had been �wo mishaps in loq drives on the river. Early in March
i903, Sherman Shortridqe had been jolted from the loc� he was riding when it
passed over a betirock rif�le six miles south of Cottaae Grove; he was nearly
crushed and drowned.� The followinq November, Charles Davis was drowne�
in a log jam an� his body �as not discovered unti3 the £ollowing February
at the Shortridge mill six milgs helow where the mishap occurzed. This
means that the drive had bequn above River �zle 40.
In the same month that Davis drawned, The Co�wnbia River and Oreqon
27
Timberman reported on the Pacific Timber Cpmpany of Cottage Grove. It had
just opened a new mill at Alca, 6 miles south of Cottage Grove. The company
had two other mills located on the Coast Fork, about I2 miles south af Latham,
Th�y used the river to drive ties and i�mber to the railroad at Latham which
then carried it to the Alca mill.�
In bctober 1905, J. B. Rouse receive� by conveyance the riqht to remove
timber from the property around Cougar Bend (RM 5, Big River) witn the us�
of splash dar�s. Levi Geer actuaZZy carried out the locgina. He used two
sp2ash dams, one at Cougar Bena and anather a shart distance above the Rouse
sawmill at Amos {RM 38) (Fig. 23). This was the highest area o£ drivina
on the Caast Fark main stem.
Beginning in 1905 Ambrose �. Woodard drove �oas to his sawmilZ at La�ham
{Fig. lA). "Riding a pair of ties as if they were skis, he would dart to and
fro, steering logs or poles away from rocks or hrush. �n some of the drives
the cookhouse was floated down the stt Dn September 6, 1911, Woodard
was allowed by the Lane County Commissieners to blast snags, locr jams and
abs�ructions in the Coast Fork from Latham upriver 10 miles to River Mile 35.�
Each year beginnzr.g in 1907 the T�r�erman reparted on drives on the Coast
Fark. George W. Corawa3.I, ec3itor af the Timberman,was a member of the Lumber-
men of Cattaqe Grove. � In January I907 J. f?. 3�ouse, Londan, was runninq the I
Coast Fork !�!i7.1 and had a qood many ties piled waitinq for favorahle watez
to run them to Z,atham, which was his shippinq point. In Septer.�ber 19C�A,
A. w. �TOOdard, Cottaqe Grove, was regorted to have received a�rive of
700,000 feet of Ioqs down the Coast Fark (Fiqs. 15, 16).�� FinalZy, in
November 1909, "rr.. C, Short�idge, London, will operate h�s mzll full capacity
ti31 the first of ,7anuary, on a tie orc3er for the Denver & Rio Grande Fail-
road. The ties are floated down the Coast For�C to Latham and shipped thence
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to Grand Junction, Co�orado. The Shortri�ge mil2 has a capacity nf alaout
15,000 feet of lumber per day."�
In Decerr�er 19�1 the Rouse an� Shoz�riage mi31s were stiZl in operation.
For the third time they had been cited be£ore �he circuit court for dumQinq
sawdust into the Coast �ork. �n each time they were acauitted hecause the
sawdus� entered the stream when the �achinery shook it throueh the fioor planks
of the o�d mzlls which w�re partly constructe� over the river.��
Boa�h-Kel�y had a larqe sawmill at savinaw, but it did nat receive its
�ags from the Caast �ork. Rather a proc�iaious saven mile fZume from their
Prvne Hill Camp was used for timber transport (F'�q. Z7).�'
Pesides the frequsnt mention flf Coast Fark Iog drives in the paves of
the Timberman, deta�.is on the use af the river for ti.mber flotation have been
provided to the Division of �tate Lands hy Mr. Arch Gillam. of 7525P London
Rnad, Cottage Gzove. Mr. GilZam is now 8h and hegan cirivinq tf�e �oast Fork
with his brother Chet in 1907 when he was fourteen years o� aqe (Fig. 18):
That was up here about a mile above here. I went up on Cec�ar
Creek and startecl logginq and we put the�n in the river up here to
drive. And we drove lots �f Zoqs and lots o� pilinq an�? *_ies and
as near as I know now I'm the only one Ieft that ever drove the river.
Arch Gillam worked directly for ,7oshua Ra�xls in Z��7 who �ad a Iaaqinq contract
with A. L. Waodard to del.iver the logs to his Latham sawmi�l:
We had a rollway a mile above us. An�i of course then we ha� sluice
dar�s in the river. There was, oh, tnree or faur sluice daz�s in the
river at that time, and even in sumnter time wt�en the water was la,�,
why we would have the dams ful�, and then we'c? sZuic� the loqs out
and drive them to Lath �n down right at the CortaaP �rnvP.
�'his bunch (of 1oGS) was aoina [to] Latham. They went that way from
here, clear up to where they had another dam. There was anather
mii1, up here above, and anythin� that came in helow tnat we aiways
drave to Latf�am. But anythina above that, and there �,�as �ots of
logs put in above, was put into what they cal�ed �?�ortridge's ?�ill
un there. It was �own across the first hridQe �n tf�is side of London
jRM 35t, right on tihP other side of that bric�ae up there was a mill
and th�re was anot!�ez sluice dam riaht down below that hri�?qe 30f}
yards in the river. An then after you ao up fartrer.....the
33
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old Rouse Miil up there had a dam in that we couldn't run 2oqs
through.
Then there was another miil up about a mile above Londan, they had
a flume qoina in down ta the rive� and from it they ran ties into
the river to drfve, we drove lots of ties. (FiQ.18)
As for improvements made in the river f�r the log drives besides sluice
dams, Mr. Gillam stated:
The river was �.ots different �hen than it is now, because �hey
put in side wings so as to keep from cuttzng the banks ana where
these cen�er islands co�re in now on mosL streams, they kept them
cut off and cleaned out, so locas could qo through.... I put fn
lots af wings, what they call winq dams, they'd be so the water
would come �own and hit �t and kE�p them from ct►tting banks and
stu£f.
Thongh logging on the Coast Fork was economical because the sp2ash dams
al�owed year around transpart of the iogs to the mill, the dams were not
necessary at ali tin�es in order for the Coast Fork to be ah.le to sustain
log drives. In answer ta the questions, '�lould they have to use the dar�s a1��.
the time? he repZied, " No,in the winter time �he water was up hiqh enough
tE�at sometimes... they had to have pretty adod booms to h oid them." '"hat
could be any time from October throuqh '�arch.
As for the Zimits of the river used for drivinq, A4r. Giilam stated that
some iogs wou].d go as far as t�e Chambers Mill just above Cattag� Grove (Fzq. 13).
As for the upger Za.mit of iog �rivinq, lags were brouaht ta the Rouse Mi�l from:
way up in the Couqar Bend country there, they drove Iogs from
clear up what they call ane o£ the old Shortridae hotnesteads
up there riqht on the river, it's way up hiqh on the Coas�
FDi�C River. xou're gettinq pretty we�l hack in the hills
when they auit driving loqs down that river.
On Li�t].e River up there there was a dam, and they never arove
Zags down throuqh that dam, but thEre was a shing�e mill up
there and we cut shinqle bolts and drove them down the river
to the s�in�le mill, cZ�ar up to Slack Butte.
The Caugar Pend to Rouse �?ili drives cauld also occur with normal strear�flow
during the winter when the water was hiq"�.
35
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-r n .
As �or the size o€ the logs, they asuatly ioqqed short loqs of
sixteen feet, �ut 24 aad �ven 32 £oat ioqs were put in to be �riven on
the Coast �ork. As for the diameter of the locrs,
"They �oc7aed everythina in, we had lots of logs that �ere
50 inches thrauqh. Yeh, we put in some un here that, riaht
where the head of this lake is, just on th�s side af my
hrother's place thare, we fell a bia tree....It was six foat
an the stump an� we just ioqged with the teams....and roll�d
it riQht across the fie�d and into th� river there. D�mpe�
them right in the river, and we toak them clear throuqh ta
Latham."
I� was not the large �oas, '�ut the lonq, thin pilings tha�r caused the most
difficulty for the river driver. In one drive they took aut 4 r+illion fe�t,
one millian �eet in a sin_qle sJ.uicina. Horse �eams were usecl to nut stray
logs back in the river and to hxeak iams; many jams, however, were brokpn
just with peaveys. Boats were not us�d on �he Coast Fork loq drives, though,
as noted a3�ove, the caokhouse miqht occasionally be f3.oate�? downrivar. As
for the size of the crew, "Tt wasn't cenerally too biQ a crowd of us. I've
wor3ced when we'd have as high as sax and eicrht men, but smal..ler crews were
cominon. "
Arch Gillam's last drive was in 192Z, and �e be�.ieves that was the
last one that toak plaee on the Caast �"ork.�� '^hus f,or aver 50 pears �ram
before 1870 to 1921 the main st�m of the Coast �'ork was usec? with ozdinary
strearnfiow c�urinq the winter fres�ets an� wiLh sniash �iar+s the remain�er
of the year to transport Ioas, ties, pilinas, shinale bolts, anc� lumrer.
The dzstance of the river so u�ed wa� f��m Cr�,i�ar Ranri r� ��rr�a�e
Grove (River "�a.les a5-23? .
R(�F' RIV£R
mhe Row and its main tributary, "-TOSby Czeek, were a�so asec? for laq
transoort. The P�rown Luinber Campany of !�orena (R�f 1S) was bu31t zn 19�]2
37
and sent ium�er dok+n the Row P.iver £rom thP mill. �oqs were also p�t in
above Dorena �or the RusselZ Campany mi�l at �orena (Fi�s. 19, 2n) ��
In August 19�5 the Wildwood Lumber Company with a sawmill at �s'il�wood
(RI�! 17.5) receive� permission to remove o�structians in the streams, con-
struct foundations for dams and dams, �ridges and other structures, and use
explosives in its business of transporting and f�aatinQ loas, oz�inqs and
lur,+ber �o the plant. (Fia,s. 2I, 22)�� It was also allowed ta use Qxplosives
and buiid da�s in Frank Brice Creek for one year. This would seem to �n�i-
cate that it drove Frank Brice Creek with s�lash �ams and also used the Row
�rom tihe mouth of Frank �rice rraek to Wildwooc�. (�ia. 21h�.
In Ferruazy 19�7 the Timherman reporte� that the wi3dwood rum�er Company,
kTiidwoo�, a� the eastezn terminus of the 0. & S. E. Railroad, lost a boom of
logs containina about 300,Od0 feet durin� the recent fzeshet in Row niver.
as for the Row above Frank Brice Creek and that creek itself, the U. 5.
Gealogical Survey judQed in 19a3 that they were of no value as logging streams.
�ut companies like ,aestern Export sluiced Laynq Creek as hiah as �erman Creek
(R� 6.7 Laynq Czeek} untiZ about I911 or 1912.
�n Mosby Creek the Ed Ge�sie Mill and the Klondyke MiIZ - approximately
nine miles up Moshy Creek - ran ties and t���ers dawn Moshy Creek to T�lalden.
(Fia. 23b). P. T. L;�nber chuted ioas to t�e creek in I�9� above �Iue x�ountain
School (Fiq. 23a) and then drove them down "�oshy CreQk.�� In �arcn 1907, the
Timberman cazried the story that �. F, youna had "arranae� to start up the
Klondyke Mill on firumbaugh Cree� [an ear?y name f�r *�oshy Creek], t�e product
will be princi�a�Iy tiES, which will he driven to ��alden." ��
Bill Patten who was born on ��osby Creek says �is father cut railroad
ties on two of his nroperties �orderina on the �reek (Fiqs. 2�,25}, �o�e_were
38
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floated down Mos�y Creek to Walden. The use of Mosby Creek �or Zaa and
tie fiotation was don� mostly with natural flow, but some s�uicing was done.
It lasted for about six years in the early 1900's.
Because most of the loq drivinq on Row Rfver was done on its headwaters,
Laynq and Fra�k Brice Creek, only with the aid of splash dams while othex
sections ware used infrequently aver anly short stretches, the State would
not s�em to have a claim to the bed of this srream. For Mosby Creek the
lower nine miles were ased reau2arly to float timher with ordinazy streamFlaw
by several operators for at least six years in the ear�y nart of this century.
There£ore the State could claim the bed of that portian of Mosby Craek on
the basis of timber fZotation.
�c�EA�zoN
There is a very small amaunt of baat ffshznq from �elaw Cattage Grove
Reservoir to Cottage Grove. Below Cottaqe Grove and especially belaw Saqinaw,
however, (Fiq. 26) theze is moderate boat use at all times af the vear: for
trout in spring, zecreationai hoatin�, canoezng and raftinQ in summ�r, duck
hunting from October to January and trappina in winter. The lnwer five miles
of the Row River (Fig. 27) also sustain summer pleasUre boat nsaqe, particular-
ly by canoeis�s.� �
S�MMARY
On the basis of loq driving, the state �as a cla�m �� ��e �ed of rhA
Coast Fork o£ the Wi�lamette River from River Mile 23 to Riv�z �ile 45 and
prohable claim to the Iaaer nine miles of the �ed of °1os�y Creek.
Qh
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48
Fia. 27. Row Rivez above
mauth. May 30. Z979.
FOOT�TOTES
1. Lewis A. t•'cArtnur, Oregon Geograz�hic r?ames 4th ed. (Portland, Oregon
iiistoricaZ Soczety, �974), pp. I64, �52.
2. Oregon Fish Com�issian, Research I�ivision, �nvironmental Starvev Report
Per tainina to Salmon and Steelhead, II. Willamette p.iver and Its Trib-
utaries �y ??. R. Wiilis, ri. P. Coliins, and P. E. Sams {Clac3camas,
�.960} , p. 440.
3. Chief bf Engineers, i?. S. Frmy, ??eport, 1900 �, 4346. II. S. Lept. of
Interior, Geolvqical Sux'vey, Fionroe Ouadrana�.e, 7.5 t2inute Series, 2°69;
confirmed by znterview with Bi�I Carnenter, age 92 of aunctzon City,
2 P?ay 1979.
4. U. 5. House Qoc. No. �27, 55th Congress, 2nd Session, 1897, P. 2, reprinted
in CT. S. Engineers, Rersort, 18°7
5. L. 5. GPOlogicaZ 5urvey, Water Resources Data for Orecron, L�later Xear 1°77
Survey Water Data Report OR-77-3., no. 3d0, 303, 303, 304.
6. Quoted in H_ w. Corning, Wi llamette Landinc�s 2nd ed. (Portland, Oregon
F?istorical society, 1947), q. I91.
7. Earle K. Stewart, "Pioneer Steam�oats", Oxegqn t?isroriCai Ouarterly 51
("�arch 1954}, Dp. 27, 29, 30; �'r�d Lockley, History of the Columbia Fiver
Vallev (Chicago: S. J, Clarke, 1928), p. 167.
8. wPA, [�istorieal Records Survev, Benton Count�� VIT �?2, Willamette Vailey
Freiah�inq Co., �.$69; Jesse �?ouc3� ir�tezview, p. 4, Oreaon State Library,
Salem.
9. Ibid B�nton Countv Circuit Court Judgement P.o11 �1os. I069, I083, �085,
Benton County Courthoc�se, Corva�lis.
10_ U. S_ Hause �oc. rto. Z27, 55th Congzess, 2nd Session, �897, n. 5, reprznted
in CT. S. �ngineers, T'.eoort 1897
Z1. L'. S. Engineers, Report,1901 �. 4396.
12. L'. S. EnginEers, "C�ld Cival Fi�PS", '�.icrofilm �'eel 35�, Orecon Histarical
Society, PortI.and.
13. Ibid
14. Interview with SilZ Carpenter, .Iunction Ci.ty, 2"rav �g7g_
�5. F�entan County t•?echanics Liens 'C', nn. 402-403, Benton Countv Courthouse,
Corvallis.
16. �'lorence, '?�`.:e t?es�, Z2 sanuarv 1900.
17. Lane County Comrnissioners �ournal B, pp. 43, 47, 6Z, Lane County
Courthouse, Eugene.
�8. WPA, Historical Records Survey, Bentpn r_ounty, VI B, Sawt!�iil, 1852.
19. Ibid., Emmett Taylor interview. 1870 Census Origina� Returns, Lane .
County Schedule 4, "rdanufactuzers, Lona Tom Precinct°, �icrofilm
28-50, Oregon Sta�e Library, Salem.
20. Interview ��ith Bi�I Hutchison, Junction City, 2 May 1979.
23. Lane County rircuit Court Judgement Roll, ?10. 4364; see also �o. 4657.
22. Lane County Commissioners �ournal 8, p. 233.
23. Lane Cdunty Recor� ot �larks & Brands, II, 20, Lane County tiuseum, Eugene.
24. Lane County Record of "�arks & Brands, II, 37; The S7est 22 Dec I899,
2:'ar & 9 t:ov 1900; Joseph Koc3c, '�ag of Lane County [Eugene, 190a] .
25. �'he Columbia l?iver and Oregon '^ir�berr,ian, 1:11 (Sent 1900) , p. 9.
26. Ibid., 2:4 (Feb 1901}, p, fi2.
27. Ibid 2:6 {Apr 1901), o. 7; The 4,�est 7 Feb 1902.
28. Ibid. , 16 .Tan 1903; Columiaia F.iver anc3 Orecron Timberman, 5:7 {�?�y �g�4} ,
29. Ibid , 5:6 (Apr ].9b5) , p. 28; 10:5 (hpr 19Q9) , A, 32F; '^he FTest 23 "?ar �906.
30 . Fb id ., 27 !�!ar 1908 , 18 .7an 19I0 .
31. Lane County "Record of Lien Claims on ?'im�er and Loqs," I, 46-59, I.ane
County Courthouse, rucer.e.
32. Lane Caunty Circuit Cour� �uduement Roll, No. 11, 575, Tripp v. '^aylar
Com�la.int and Exhibit A.
33. Lane County Timber Liens, I, 121, i62. .
33A. Public Serva.ce Commission '++SS nG P-12, 69A-18, Item 1, Sox 2, L-F-14,
"Application, June 17, 1918," Oregon State Archives, Sa1em.
33B. Fbid. , F. C. Walters, Elmira to Dean t,ur.�er Company, Port�and, .Tuly 13,
I918.
33C. Ibid., L-F-3,6, "A�Splication, September 1, I918".
33�]. Tbid., P. C. C. Order No. 457, �;ove�er 2, 1918.
33E. �bid., L-F-24, "Transcript of Testimony", n. 7.
33F. Ibid np, 3, 5. 9, 13.
33G. Ibid., pp. 29-30.
33EI. Ibid., �. �. Conrad, Elmira to �en�ie�en of P. 5. C. �R, July 22,
I�24 and P. S. C. Ordes D1o. i112.
34. Ibid., P. S. C. to �ean & Erooke, Eugene, Auaust 10, 192� and L. E,
Bean to P. S. C., August 31, Z926.
35. Telephone interview with "?rs. Vesta Cuil, Noti, 19 June 1979.
36. Telephone int�rvzew with Roy C. Fisk, 3115 Arrowhead, F.uaene. 19 �une
�979. �torelZ Inman, 90221 Territorial Road, �I�ira, age� 87, in an
interview on 24 June 1979 corroborated t�e �asic information an the
drives tio the [+?aZters sacamilZ at �'lmira.
37. Cull interview.
38. Te�ephone interview wit?� Frank 1��ontqo[nery, 2I969 Allison ??oad, r?oti,
26 June ].979.
39. Senton County '�techanics Liens "C", pp. 4�2-403, Benton County Court-
house, Corvallis.
40. "^elenhone interview with Jof�n Andre�as, Dep�rtm.ent of Fish and `�Tild-
life, I2 June 1979.
41. Oregon State F?ater P.esources Board, Unner t•�illam.ette Ra.ver Basin (Salem,
1961), p. 63.
42. U. S. Geoloaical Survey, �?ater Resources Data for orenon, ttiTater Year i977
(Partland, I973}, pp. 26�, 263, 268.
43. Ibid., 264, 266, 267.
44. Upner :•Tillamette Sasin, pQ. 63, 66, 67.
4S. T 3P2 r'OUntv Fx15�O� �3;� � 1 1 � f � t 3�' � �� 7 �.
_ _ - _ _ _ _ S ...��. - v L. .
46. ti•dPA F?istori.cal i?ecords Survey, Box 6E, �9, Fol�er 4"Ferry Licenses,"
L'niversity of Oreaon Library, Euqen�; Lane Countv Historian 4:1
(Feb 1°59} , p, 19.
47. Jane� 4verh�lser, "Lumber ��ills - Pasti and Present" in writers �iscussion
�roup, Golden C�?as �he Past (Cattaae Grove: .�entinel Print S;�ap, �970} ,
�. i80. -
48. Rose Kief, "1ldventures in Loaqina" in Ibid., p, 17G.
49. Ibi�., p. 180; Lane County Circuit Caurt Judgement Foll, No. 961,
�iawley v. .Payne, complain� and testimony; and see Divisian of Gtate
Lands, P1at Book 401, Township 21 South, Range 3 west.
50. Overholsez "Luml�er Mills", p. 1fl1; Lane County Circuzt Court Judae�ent
R.ol]., ;10. 1,77Q, nevine v. Comstock �
51. �. S. Census, 1870, Schedule 4, "?�anufactuzers," Lane County, Cottage
Grove Precinct, �regon Sta�e Library F�icrafiim 2F�--50, Orecran State
�ibrary, Saiem. �
52. Lane County Circuit Court Judqement Poil, �IO. 2,70�, H?hipple, et al v.
5hortridge, Plainti£fs srief; Illustra�ed I?istor of Lane County (wallinq,
I884), Qp, 44a-451.
53. 3bid., Langdan L. white ta E. W. :,� i�ple, 2 Apr 1885.
54. �,ane County Commissianers 3ournal, 9, p. 442.
55. Colum�ia River and breqon '^imberman, 2:10 (Aug 190Z).
5b. Cottage Grove Leader 13 '�arch 19�3.
57. Ibid 19 Feb 1904.
58. Coiumbia River and Orecron Timberman, 5:� {?1ov 19033, p. 2a.
59. I.ane County Circuit Court .7udaement Roll, �10. 5,845, Shortri.dqe v. Rouse
Comp3aint; Kief, "Logging`°, pp. �74, i75.
60. Ibid . , n. 3.75.
61. Lane County Commissioners ,7ournai, i�, p. 5�9.
62. Co}.umbia River anc3 Oregon 2'im3�erinan 7:7 {M�y 19�6) , p. 51.
63. Ibid., $:3 (Jan Z907), o, 42.
64. Ibid., 9:11 (SeQt i908), p. 40G
65. Ibid., �1:1 (Npv 19D9), p. 32A.
66. Cottage Grove 5entinei I Dec 191I.
e�. �. 5. Cox, Random Lenaths (Eugene, 1949), pn. 43-55, pescribes life in
Saginaw and Prune Hill camps at the turn of the century.
68. Interview wi�.h Arch �illam, Cc+ttaae Grove, 30 �Say 19�9.
69. 5?rs. CharZes Denzer, "Dorena", Golders Was the Past, p, 211.
70. Interview w�th Bill Patten, Cottage Grove, 1 June i979.
71. Lane County Commissioners Journal, 9, n. 4D8.
72. Calumbia River and Qre on Timberman 8:4 (Feb 19Q7), p. 4i, and see �:10
(Aug 1905), pe 21; 8:1 (Nov 1906), p. 39.
73. U. S. Geological Survey, Forest Conditians in the Cascade Ranae Forest
Reserve Ore on by H. D. Langill�, et al (Washinaton, �o C., GPp 1903),
pp. i78, 179, 186.
74. Patten Interview, 1�une I979.
75. P4rs. Harry Castle, "*4osby Creek," Golden ir:as the Past, p. 217-18; Kisf,
"Logging," p. 177; Overholser, "Lumher Mi11s," p. 181.
76. Columbia River and Oreaon Timberman 8:5 (!�±arc:� 19�J7) , p. 4I.
77. Patten Interniew, 1 June I979.
78. Telephone inteXView with Sohn Andrews, Depart�'nent o£ Fish and Wildlife,
12 June 1979.